Globalization and Global Warming

account This memo serves as an in deviseative and analytical memorandum discussing ball-shapedizations largest threat ball-shaped melt. I will shout the following issues What is global warming and how is it macrocosm cloakd? Who is impart to its advancement? The threats and consequences of global warming Recommendations we brush aside do to slow global warming orbiculate grooveing system and Its Cause Global warming could realise started as early as the 1860s callable to the Industrial Revolution that began after the Civil War. This was a time of invention and creation where man do machine and machine spayd society.Not only did the machine substitute society, but it also changed the atmospheric bunglees more(prenominal) specifically, nursery gases. Greenhouse gases consist of vitamin C copy dioxide known to cause the greatest tally of global warming methane gas, ozone, and nitrous oxide. These four nursery gases act as a mantelpiece over the surface of the earth. As the cheerfulness hits the earths surface, the light up is reflected subscribe towards the sun. The heat is then contained by the greenhouse gas blanket and warms the earth. Without this blanket, we would live in a very nipping beingness.This atmospheric balance the earth provides is currently being tested by man. What happens when we expel our own greenhouse gases? The blanket thickens and it yaps in more heat. This extra heat upon the earths surface is known as global warming. Therefore, global warming privy be defined as the effect that attachd greenhouse gases hand over on the earths exemplification pressure. The add-on of greenhouse gases argon the result of two frugal cyphers the burning of fossil fuels for energy, and de qualityation for industrialization. The first itemor contributes to the majority of the xpelled greenhouse gases that is The Burning of Fossil Fuels As globalization spreads and enlarges industry, it also increases the deposit of polluting gases into the airwave. oneness much(prenominal) gas is carbon dioxide. The release of carbon dioxide is more specifically caused from the burning of oil, coal, and gas. These third natural fuels, which argon used in manufacturing and industrial growth, defecate effected roughly 75% of gracious generated carbonic acid gas emissions expelled into the atmosphere during the past 20 years (IPCC WGI). Here is a graph supporting the increases of carbonic acid gasIndicators of the benignant put to work on the atmosphere during the Industrial era pic (IPCC graph 1) As you cigaret see, this graph stops in the year 2000. Assuming there was an energy increase in the past 6 years by rapidly developing nations such as mainland mainland China and India, a languish with develop nations consistent energy use, we can also require the carbon dioxide concentration has go along its vertical climb. Deforestation The destruction or elucidation (as some companies might put it) of the worlds forests argon collectible in almost part to agricultural needfully and industrialization.Why scientistists agree that this practice is detrimental to the enviroment can be summed up in two ways 1. trees act like sponges that suck in carbon dioxide and convert it to oxygen 2. when trees are burned, they release the s bustd carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere, adding to the pollution Hence, the more trees that are burned, the less carbon dioxide gets harbored. According to Greenpeace, Thirty percent of the carbon dioxide added to the atmosphere over the past 150 years is pattern to inject from deforestation, but this is a small amount compared to what is still stored in forests.The Canadian and Russian circumboreal forests alone hold 40 percent of the worlds carbon stocks (Greenpeace Science). In other areas of the world, carbon stocks are non being contained, but continually released through deforestation. Global wood Watch, an independent oprganizatio n that provides current in composition on forest development stated In 2002, nigh 47% of the Brazilian amazon was under some type of adult male pressure recent estimates equivalence this figure with new data from 2005 show that human pressure has increased by 7% (Global forest watch).Not only are we losing the possibility of finding out of date tropical plants that could be converted into pharmaceuticals, but we are also destroying innate communities that dot the Amazon rainforest. It is understandable that deforestation is need for civilization, but there are ways we can curb its destruction and remain the rainforests. Contributors of Global melting If your means of transportation immediately did not consist of walking or go a bike, chances are, you contributed to the burning of fossil fuels. the Statesns would not be able to survive without the use of fossil fuels.We set out them in our cars, our homes, and even in our waste. The bottom declivity is fossil fuels creat e energy, and we need energy. So, it is not strike that Americans are responsible for 25% of the greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere, disdain having only 5% of the worlds population. (Stix 47) This makes America the largest polluter in the world. It is evident that when a boorish becomes a world leader through pull in Domestic Product (gross domestic product), the focus becomes duty. The need for business profits by corporations apitalizing on industry obtain an impact on the environment. Unfortunately, many industries do not take a crap into consideration the personal cause their business has on the environment. Below is a chart comparing three countries the unite States, Former Soviet Union, and Japan and their CO2 emissions pic (IPCC Chart 2) In 2005 according to the CIA World Factbook, these selfsame(prenominal) three countries had GDPs of $12. 3 trillion, $4 trillion, and $1. 6 trillion respectively (GDP). While the U. S. has tight doubled its GDP, you ca n bet as a developed nation, it has also increased it CO2 emissions.But, developed countries like the united States and Japan cant be blamed for emitting all the CO2 into the atmosphere due to their industrialization. We must also formulation at developing countries such as China and Brazil who, while aspiring to increase their standard of living, are also increasing their energy use. As these nations develop and increase their industrialization, they inturn release substantial amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere. With the ever-increasing CO2 emissions and deforestation, what does it mean for the stability of our enviroment? The Threats and Consequences of Global Warming?The aforementioned greenhouse gas emissions and the deforestation service have been contributing to the global warming crisis. The most recent supporting evidence was reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on humor Control (IPCC) in 2001. Established in 1988 due to mood change curiosity, the IPCC is composed of over 2,000 scientists and is regarded as the foremost liberty on climate change by the United Nations (Wikipedia IPCC). They concluded, through a 2600 page comprehensive compend of scientific re oceanrch, that global warming is in fact caused by CO2 emissions and eforestation. According to the IPCC, the two native factors of global warming are temperature and sea take. development the latest research and the current trends in global warming, the IPCC betokenions through the end of the 21st nose candy are as follows (IPCC SPM) A rise of global temperatures from 2. 5 to 10. 4 F A rise of sea levels from 4 to 3 Rising of Global Temperature The personal effects of this variable are quite profound. Scientists predict it could increase the frequency and magnitude of hurricanes similar to what happened on the U. S. s Gulf Coast in the fall of 2005.They predict it could also do the same to El Nino which is snarl on the air jacket coast specially in Southern California. Souther n Californias free season begins towards the end of summer, due to the dry climate. In the fall of 2002, San Diego felt the effects of an out-of-control fire. What started as human error, continued for weeks, as brush and forest fires tore through San Diego Country. Its duration and strength was assisted by warm El Nino winds. Since El Nino thrives from available heat, you could hypothesise global warming is feeding El Ninos hunger.In 1998 National Geographic had this to say about El Nino El Ninos abnormal effects on the main components of climatesunshine, temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind, humidity, precipitation, cloud formation and ocean currentschanged weather patterns across the equatorial peace-loving and in turn around the globe In the past 98 years there have been 23 El Ninos and 15 La Ninas. Of the centurys ten most powerful El Ninos, fourthe four strongesthave occurred since 1980. (Suplee) Considering it is possible global warming energizes the climate event El N ino, it can also melt glaciers.A widespread sequester of non-polar glaciers during the twentieth century, and a 10% decrease in world snow cover since the 1960s was captured by artificial satellite imagery the shrinking of snow cover and the retreat of glaciers are not expected to slow complicate during the 21st century (IPCC SPM). Researchers agree that melting glaciers bring together with melting ice sheets, like those covering Antarctica and Greenland, will become significant factors in causing the sea levels to rise. Rising Sea Levels Rising sea levels could languish coastal tourism spots. This may become a very costly problem for coastal cities.The environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has estimated a one rear rise along the eastern seaboard by 2050. According to researchers, if this rise were to occur on the west coast, which is more likely than not, California would lose 2-4 feet of bank due to erosion. pic (IPCC Chart 3) The EPA also had this to say about rising sea le vels Rising sea level inundates wetlands and other sea-level lands, erodes beaches, intensifies flooding, and increases the salinity of rivers, bays, and groundwater tables. Some of these effects may be further compounded by other effects of changing climate.Measures that slew take to protect private property from rising sea level may have adverse effects on the environment and on public uses of beaches and waterways. (EPA) level off though the damage to the U. S. s coastline would be expensive, major planet earth has over 4 billion people outside the U. S. that live on a coastal plain. (Greenpeace Going) Rising sea levels could completely demolish low-lying coastal cities around the world New York, Miami, Tokyo, San Diego, and capital of the United Kingdom are a few such cities that could populate rising sea levels first-hand.Poor, undeveloped countries that lack engineering, would be the ones to lose entire populations from a force that is beyond their control. What can we do t o stop this rising billow? Recommendations to Slow Global Warming Adhere to the Kyoto protocol growing forestation Kyoto Protocol The Kyoto Protocol, which began in 1997, has developed an world-wide treaty to cut greenhouse gas emissions. The general goal is for countries to lower these emissions to 1990 levels by 2008. For the policies to take effect, 55 countries that accounted for at least 55% of the greenhouse gas emissions in 1990 must ratify the protocol.The founders of the Kyoto Protocol United Nations Framework Convention on Climate flip-flop (UNFCCC), require countries that have ratified the protocol to conjure energy efficiency methods on the countries largest polluters Tax scotch sectors that are the countries largest polluters Research, develop, and implement new forms of energy supercharge forestation (UNFCCC) Only a few countries have state no to this protocol. Unfortunately, the United States is one of those countries. As a world leader, we should rati fy the Kyoto Protocol and enforce its requirements on our industry.Our government could give tax cuts for companies utilizing new technology with a low-carbon output. This technology could be in the form of hydro-electric, wind, or solar power. We could also enforce hard pollution policies to regulate and limit what can be released into the environment. Other enforcements could be directed at riveting the CO2 in the atmosphere through forestation. Increase Forestation Forests act as sponges to suck up, or decrease, the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Curtailing the lumber and logging industry in the U. S. is a first step towards increasing forestation.This is especially true of the industries in and around the Amazon. Because rainforests are denser than everyday forests, they absorb much more carbon dioxide. Plus, the rainforests trap in precipitation to prevent flooding, and preserve bio-diversity and indigenous cultures. Another, more realistic approach is to plant trees and re-grow the forests. One example of this approach is happening in China. due(p) to deforestation, the Chinese government requires those between the ages of 11 and 60 to plant up to 5 trees per year they have to have planted 1 billion trees in the past 20 years. (Wikipedia Deforestation)Conclusion Global warming affects everyone it has no boundaries. It is not intended to directly harm other cultures and peoples, but it inadvertently does through continually reduce for the environment. This disregard happens when nations become industrialized more specifically from burning fossil fuels and the deforestation process. But, we do have the power of choice. The citizens of the United States should step forward and assume responsibility. It is our duty to contribute to the reduction of global warming by regulating our CO2 emissions, and even bonnie aware of our paper consumption.With the assist of other developed nations, we should be implementing energy-efficient technologies and pra ctices to deter our current pollution. These technologies might come at a high price. But, in the long run, it could reduce the costs and damages associated with the foreseeable climate change. Works Cited CIA World Factbook. List of countries by GDP (PPP). Wikipedia. 2006. 18 Sept. 2006 EPA. Coastal Zones. Environmental Protection Agency. Jan. 2000. 15 Sept. 2006 Greenpeace. Going, Going, Gone?. Greenpeace.July 2005. 13 Sept. 2006 Greenpeace. Science. Greenpeace. 2006. 14 Sept. 2006 Global Forest Watch. Human Pressure on the Brazilian Amazon Forests. 2006. Global Forest Watch. 17 Sept. 2006 IPCC. Chart 1. Indicators of the human influence on the atmosphere. IPCC. 2001. 16 Sept. 2006 IPCC. Chart 2. par between GDP and CO2 emissions for selected countries. Climate neuter 2001 Synthesis Report 5-6. 2001. 16 Sept. 2006 IPCC. Chart 3. one-third Assessment Report Climate Change 2001. IPCC. 2001. 16 Sept. 2006 IPCC. Climate Change 2001 SPM The scientific Basis. IPCC. 2001. 16 Sept. 2006 IPCC. Climate Change 2001 Working Group I The scientific Basis. IPCC. 2001. 16 Sept. 2006 Stix, Gary. A climate Repair Manuel. Scientific American Sept. 2006 47. Suplee, Curt. Unlocking the Climate. National Geographic May 1998. 13 Sept. 2006 UNFCCC. Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC. UNFCCC. 1998. 19 Sept. 2006 Wikipedia. Deforestation. Wikipedia. 2006. 19 Sept. 2006 Wikipedia. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Wikipedia. 2006. 12 Sept. 2006